Constipation is common in children and can cause hard or painful stools, stomach discomfort and reluctance to use the toilet. It is often temporary, but persistent constipation may require evaluation by a pediatrician.

Common Causes of Constipation

Constipation can occur due to:

• Not drinking enough fluids
• Low-fibre diet
• Too much processed food
• Changes in routine
• Toilet-training difficulties
• Holding in stools because of fear or pain
• Reduced physical activity
• Certain medicines or medical conditions

Signs of Constipation

Common symptoms include hard or dry stools, fewer bowel movements, pain while passing stool, stomach pain, bloating and avoiding the toilet.

Some children may also develop small amounts of stool leakage when constipation becomes severe.

Diet for Constipation

A balanced diet with adequate fibre and fluids can help. Depending on the child’s age, include fruits, vegetables, whole grains and other fibre-rich foods. Encourage regular water intake and physical activity.

Foods such as pears, apples, vegetables and whole grains can be useful additions to a child’s diet.

Treatment

Treatment depends on the child’s age and severity of constipation. A pediatrician may recommend dietary changes, toilet habits or medicines such as stool-softening or laxative treatments when appropriate.

Do not give laxatives or other medicines to a child without appropriate medical advice.

When Should You See a Pediatrician?

Consult a pediatrician if constipation is persistent, keeps returning, causes significant pain, or is associated with vomiting, severe abdominal swelling, blood in the stool, poor growth or other concerning symptoms.

Conclusion

Childhood constipation can often be improved with appropriate diet, fluids, physical activity and healthy toilet habits. Persistent or severe symptoms should be evaluated by a pediatrician to identify the cause and provide suitable treatment.